What is the term for a large-scale choral work, typically sacred and based on a biblical story?

The correct answer is oratorio, which refers to a large-scale musical composition for orchestra, choir, and soloists, typically with a religious theme. An oratorio is structured similarly to an opera but is performed without theatrical staging or costume, making it a concert work that tells a story, often derived from biblical narratives. This format allows for the exploration of profound themes and spiritual messages, aiming to evoke emotional responses from the audience.

Sonatas, symphonies, and concertos, while also significant forms in classical music, do not fit the description provided. A sonata typically involves a solo instrument, often accompanied by piano, and focuses on a smaller-scale composition. Symphonies are large orchestral works, usually structured in multiple movements, but they do not inherently convey a sacred story or theme. Concertos are designed to showcase a soloist, usually accompanied by orchestra, and also lack the sacred narrative focus characteristic of an oratorio. Thus, oratorio stands out as the correct term for the described large-scale choral work rooted in sacred themes.