In identifying the key of a passage, which two tonalities are typically focused on?

In the context of identifying the key of a musical passage, the focus is primarily on major and minor tonalities. These two tonal systems form the foundation of Western music theory, where most compositions are categorized within these frameworks. The major tonality is characterized by its bright, happy sound, while the minor tonality tends to evoke a more somber or melancholic feel.

Understanding the relationship between these two tonalities is essential for analyzing harmonic progressions and melody structures within a piece. They provide the basis for most scales, chords, and tonal relationships that are prevalent in a wide array of musical genres. Focusing on major and minor allows musicians and theorists to identify the overall mood and harmonic context of the passage, making it crucial for both performance and theoretical analysis.

In contrast, the other options include tonalities that do not serve as foundational as major and minor. Diminished and augmented often refer to specific chord types rather than key centers, while pentatonic scales, while important in various musical traditions, are subsets that derive from the major or minor scales rather than standing as primary keys themselves.